October 1, 2025
Trump claims impoundment power, triggering 43-day government shutdown
Trump freezes $410 billion Congress appropriated, claiming Constitution lets presidents refuse to spend
October 1, 2025
Trump freezes $410 billion Congress appropriated, claiming Constitution lets presidents refuse to spend
Government shutdown began Oct. 1, 2025 and lasted 43 days—longest in U.S. history
Trump administration froze approximately $410 billion in congressionally appropriated spending
900,000 federal employees furloughed; 700,000 forced to work without pay
Head Start programs serving 65,000 children suspended; NIH research grants halted
Trump claimed Impoundment Control Act of 1974 unconstitutionally limits executive power
Administration selectively continued military pay while canceling $27 billion in Democratic-district projects
Supreme Court declined emergency review of conflicting lower court rulings
The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 eliminated the president's unilateral authority to refuse spending money Congress appropriated.
The Congressional Budget Office estimated the government shutdown could cost the U.S. economy how much?
The Office of Management and Budget director is _____, who has been called Trump's "shadow president" by reporters covering his oversized influence in freezing _____ billion in federal spending.
Democratic Senator Jeff Merkley of Oregon spoke on the Senate floor for 22 hours and 37 minutes. What was he protesting?
House Speaker Mike Johnson disbanded the House indefinitely during the shutdown. When did the House last hold a vote before the shutdown began?
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