On Nov. 13, 2025, the Justice Department moved to block California's Prop 50 congressional map, arguing it is an unconstitutional race-based gerrymander that favors Latino voters over others in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. The lawsuit intervenes in a Republican-led case challenging a voter-approved plan that lets lawmakers replace the independent commission's map with new lines expected to help Democrats win more House seats.

Critics note DOJ has not brought similar cases against Republican-drawn maps in Texas and Florida, raising questions about selective enforcement. Legal analysts say the case could reshape House control in 2026 if courts order California to redraw its lines before the midterms.