Public pressure and institutional advocacy can influence enforcement agencies.

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Abedini's release within 72 hours demonstrates that ICE exercises discretion when politically connected institutions apply pressure. University of Oklahoma President Joseph Harroz called DHS Secretary Kristi Noem directly. Oklahoma Representatives Tom Cole (Republican) and Josh Brecheen (Republican) contacted ICE demanding Abedini's release. The Middle East Studies Association's public statement generated national media coverage. This advocacy worked because OU has political capital—it's a major state institution with alumni in Congress. People without institutional advocates remain detained for months. Studies show detainees represented by attorneys are 10 times more likely to be released on bond. Advocacy networks expose how enforcement is discretionary, not uniform—agents respond to political pressure, not just legal standards.

Public pressure and institutional advocacy can influence enforcement agencies.

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